Author(s):
Akhlaq Mustafa, Mushtehasan, Kiran Negi, Anas Iqbal Alvi, Ghazala Javed
Email(s):
amh786786@gmail.com
DOI:
10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00047
Address:
Akhlaq Mustafa1*, Mushtehasan2, Kiran Negi3, Anas Iqbal Alvi4, Ghazala Javed5
1Research Officer (Chemistry), Drug Standardization Research Unit, Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine, New Delhi.
2Research Officer (Unani), Drug Standardization Research Unit, Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine, New Delhi.
3Assistant Research Officer (Pharmacognosy) Drug Standardization Research Unit, Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine, New Delhi.
4Research Assistant (Chemistry), Drug Standardization Research Unit, Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine, New Delhi.
5Research Officer (Unani), Incharge, Drug Standardization Research Unit,
Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine, New Delhi.
*Corresponding Author
Published In:
Volume - 13,
Issue - 4,
Year - 2023
ABSTRACT:
There is an increasing awareness and general acceptability of indigenous drugs in today’s medical practice and over 80% of the world population depends on herbal drugs and products for healthy living due to their no side effects. Unani formulations are based on herbal, mineral, and animal origin and have been practiced in India for hundreds of years for treating various ailments by its holistic approach with natural means and drugs. Research is a creative work using existing knowledge for further development and advancement of knowledge and the approach, methodology and technique of research should be consistent with the ultimate objective because the scientific method of research is a combination of hypothesis, experimentation, observation, and reasoning. Therefore, the criteria of real scientific research are that its result should be reproducible under similar conditions. The paper deals with the objective of standardization and makes experimentation, and observation and particularly to check out Physico-chemical data of two in-house prepared samples of compound Unani formulation ArqAswadBaridunderSOP guidelines by adopting two different methods(classical and modern) of fermentation process separately and the content so obtained after distillation from fermented materials were utilized further to prepare two separate samples of the finished products i.e. Arq-e-Aswad Barid and underwent for the comparative assessment by following some Physico-chemical and quality control parameters like viscosity, specific gravity, refractive index, weight per ml, detection of aflatoxin, microbial load, pesticide residue, etc. of both the samples to achieve the objective of study. Besides, the preliminary physicochemical study of all ingredients used as raw material in the preparation of Arq-e-Aswad Barid was also conducted.
Cite this article:
Akhlaq Mustafa, Mushtehasan, Kiran Negi, Anas Iqbal Alvi, Ghazala Javed. Comparative Assessment of Phyto and Physico-chemical Parameters of Laboratory prepared Two Renowned Samples of Polyherbal Formulation “Arq Aswad Barid” by Adopting Two Different Methods (Classical and Modern) for the Step of Fermentation Process with the Preliminary Study of Its Ingredients. Asian Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2023; 13(4):2758-2. doi: 10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00047
Cite(Electronic):
Akhlaq Mustafa, Mushtehasan, Kiran Negi, Anas Iqbal Alvi, Ghazala Javed. Comparative Assessment of Phyto and Physico-chemical Parameters of Laboratory prepared Two Renowned Samples of Polyherbal Formulation “Arq Aswad Barid” by Adopting Two Different Methods (Classical and Modern) for the Step of Fermentation Process with the Preliminary Study of Its Ingredients. Asian Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2023; 13(4):2758-2. doi: 10.52711/2231-5659.2023.00047 Available on: https://ajpsonline.com/AbstractView.aspx?PID=2023-13-4-2
REFERENCES:
1. Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine (2009) Unani Pharmacopoeia of India. Vol. 1, Part- 2, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi, India, pp 5–18
2. Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine (2009) The Unani Pharmacopoeia of India, Vol. 2, Part 2, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi, India, pp 3–8.
3. Jain R, Venkata Subramanian P. Proposed correlation of modern processing principles for Ayurvedic herbal drug manufacturing: A systematic review. AncSci Life. 2014; 34: 8.
4. Kishore, K, Zakir, M. Future Prospects of Fermentation in Unani-based drugs. Indian Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics. 2019; 56: 347-51.
5. Woods DR. The genetic engineering of microbial solvent production. Trends Biotechnology. 1995; 13: 259.
6. Lie ST, Arbakariya A, Rosfarizan M and Raha AR; Production of solvent (acetone-butanol-ethanol) in continuous fermentation by clostridium saccharobutylicum DSM 13864 using gelatinized Sago Starch as a Carbon Source. Malays J Microbiol. 2006; 2: 42.
7. Haq IU, Mukhtar H. Biosynthesis of protease from Lactobacillus paracasei: Kinetic analysis of fermentation parameters. Indian J. Biochem. Biophys. 2006; 43: 377.
8. Extraction Technologies for Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, United Nations Industrial Development Organization and the International Centre for Science and High Technology (2008).
9. Hussain A, Bose S, Wang J, Yadav MK, Mahajan GB and Kima H, Fermentation. A feasible strategy for enhancing bioactivity of herbal medicines. Food Res Int. 2016; 81: 1.
10. Kausar H, Ahmed K, Jahan N, Bano H, Husain S and Shamim H. A potent Unani drug Sirka (vinegar). Am J Pharm Tech Res. 2014; 4: 12.
11. Saleem MA and Idris M; Sirka (Vinegar). From Traditional Use to Scientific Approach. J Herb Med Res. 2016; 1:32.
12. Kabir al-Din, Hakim Muhammad; Biyaz-e Kabir, 1938 (3), pp.52-56 and 74-75.
13. Haq A; Muqadma Ilmul Advia, (Nizami Press, Lucknow), 1985, pp. 85, 95, 98.
14. Anonymous. The National Formulary of Unani Medicine, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Dept. of AYUSH, Government of India, 2006 (Part-I).
15. Lateef A and Rehman A; Tauzeehat Kulliyat Advia, (Mishkaat Printers, Aligarh). 2002, 226.
16. Khan S, Ilajul Amraz, (Delhi Ki Dawasazi Daftarul Maseeh, Karol Bagh, New Delhi). 1939; 2: 452-54 and 765.
17. Latif A, Jafri GHS, Rahman SZ and Rauf A, Formulation of a Nabeez Murakkab: A Unani Most Effective Dosage Form. Hippocratic J Unani Med. 2010; 5 : 61.
18. Wallis, T. E. (1967). Textbook of Pharmacognosy (3rded.). J and A Churchill Ltd.
19. Trease, G. E., Evans, W. C. (1972). Pharmacognosy (10thed.). Baillien Tindall.
20. Anonymous. (2001). Ayurvedic Pharmacopeia of India, Part-1 Vol. 1, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India.
21. Anonymous. (2006). National Formulary of Unani Medicine, Part-1, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India.
22. Khaleelullah M, Rasheeda A; pH Determination: Ilmul Sayadla-the Unani pharmacy. Roshni Graphics, Hyderabad. 2009. pp. 108.
23. Mustafa Akhlaq., Alvi A. I., Asim S. M., Akhter P., Siddiqui Z. A., Khan Asim Ali., Meena R. P; Phytochemical and Pharmacognostical evaluation of an anti-inflammatory and Hapato-protective poly-pharmaceutical preparation Qurs-e-Zarishk. Research Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry. 2022; 14(1): 5.
24. Mustafa Akhlaq., Alvi A. I., Siddiqui Z. A., Meena R. P; Heavy metals determination in Microwave digested aqueous extracts of fresh and market samples of some Plant origin drugs with reference to their preliminary Comparative Physicochemical Evaluation. Res. J. Pharmacognosy and Phytochem. 2021; 13(1):11-17.
25. Lohar, D. R; Protocol for testing (Ayurveda, Siddha and Unani medicines), Govt. of India, Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Pharmacopeial Laboratory for Indian Medicines Ghaziabad PP 123.
26. Anonymous. Physicochemical Standards of Unani Formulations. Part 1. Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine New Delhi. 1986, pp 198-200.
27. Lohar, D. R; Protocol for testing (Ayurveda, Siddha and Unani medicines), Govt. of India, Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Pharmacopeial Laboratory for Indian Medicines Ghaziabad PP 123.
28. Physicochemical Standardization of Unani Formulations part-3, Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine (Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India., Pp 313.
29. Ueda T, Shah P, Derdzinki K, Flynn G, Maibach H, Shaw S, Yacobi A. Topical and transdermal drug products. Pharmacopeial Forum. 2009; 35 (3): 750-764.
30. Salwaan C, Singh A, Mittal A, Singh P, Investigation of the Pharmacognostical, Phytochemical and Antioxidant Studies of Plant Withania coagulans Dunal, Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry. 2012: 1(3).
31. Anonymous. Physicochemical Standards of Unani Formulations. Part - 2. Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine New Delhi. 1987: 289-290.
32. Anonymous. The Unani Pharmacopoeia of India. Part 1 Volume 1. CCRUM. 2007. pp. 82-83
33. Trease, G. E and Evans, W. C, 1972. Pharmacognosy, 10th Edn. Bailliere Tindol London
34. Bairwa Ranjan, Jain Honey, Shrivastav Birendra. Standardization and phytochemical investigation of Berberisaristata. Asian J. Pharm. Ana. 2012; 2(3): 81-84.
35. AOAC. (2000). Official methods of analysis (17th ed). Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 33
36. AOAC. (2005). Official methods of analysis of AOAC International (18th Ed.). AOAC International.
37. WHO. (2007).WHO guidelines for assessing the quality of herbal medicines with reference to contaminants and residues. World Health Organization.34
38. Khan MA, Muheet-e-Azam, Vol-I, CCRUM Publication New Delhi, (2013); 865-867.
39. Khan MA, Muheet-e-Azam, Vol-III, CCRUM Publication New Delhi, (2014); 463-465.
40. Khan MA, Muheet-e-Azam, Vol-IV, CCRUM Publication New Delhi, (2018); 53-55, 844-848.
41. Kurek J.SS Alkaloids—Their Importance in Nature and Human Life. Intech Open; London, UK: 2019. Introductory Chapter: Alkaloids—Their Importance in Nature and for Human Life. [Google Scholar]
42. Asad Ullah, Sidra Munir. Syed LalBadshah, Noreen Khan, Lubna Ghani, Benjamin Gabriel Poulson, Abdul-Hamid Emwas, and Mariusz Jaremko; Flavonoids and Their Role as a Therapeutic Agent. Molecules. 2020; 25(22): 5243.
43. Wu-Yang Huang, Yi-Zhong Cai, Yanbo Zhang; Natural phenolic compounds from medicinal herbs and dietary plants: potential use for cancer prevention. Nutr Cancer. 2010; 62(1): 1-20.