INTRODUCTION:

In novel days peoples are suffering with various kind of diseases, due to the food habits, environmental changes, genetic variations. For good health we need minimum body exercise, walking, yoga, eliminate the stress conditions and other diseases[1]. Stress is a normal physical response to events that make you feel threatened or upset your balance in some way. When you sense danger whether it’s real or imagined the body's defenses kick into high gear in a rapid, automatic process known as the “fight-or-flight-or-freeze” reaction, or the stress response[2,3]. The stress response is the body’s way of protecting you. When working properly, it helps you stay focused, energetic, and alert. In emergency situations, stress can save your life giving you extra strength to defend yourself, for example, spurring to slam on the brakes to avoid an accident is the main cause of rheumatic pain disorder of immune system and hereditary effect. Changes in food habits effects internally hormone secreted glands or lack of hormone secretions.

Every body part of system is under the control of central nervous system, when this system is disturbed it create so many problems. Rheumatoid arthritis can affect many areas of the body. These effects results from the general process of inflammation, leading to a wide variety of symptoms like Fatigue, Malaise, Loss of appetite[4-6], which can lead to weight loss, Muscle aches.

Sleep disorder that occurs when the upper airway becomes narrowed or even blocked entirely while a person is relaxed during sleep. It is characterized by repetitive pauses in breathing during sleep, despite the effort to breathe, and is usually associated with a reduction in blood oxygen saturation. Sudden reduction in Blood oxygen level due to Sleep Apnea increases blood pressure. In this case, the heart has to pump the blood harder leading to heart problems.

Mechanism of Rheumatic Pain, Heart Stroke and Stress Condition:

Rheumatic pain is immunological disorder or hereditary effect. The main cause of rheumatism is due to loss of synovial fluid. It means due to the deficiency of immunoglobulins present in synovial fluid. Due to the loss of synovial fluid it leads to development of friction between the joints which results in pain. Studies revealing the relationship between the immune system and the central nervous system indicate that stress can alter the function of the white blood cells involved in immune function known as lymphocytes and macrophages. People undergoing stressful life events, such as marital turmoil or bereavement, have a weaker lymphoproliferative response[7-10]. People in distressed marriages have also been shown to have greater decreases in cellular immunity functioning over time when compared to those in happier marriages^. After antigens initiate an immune response, these white blood cells send signals, composed of cytokines and other hormonal proteins, to the brain and neuroendocrine system. Cytokines are molecules involved with cell signaling. Hyperthermia ,dehydration increase in stroke volume are the main causes for heart stroke. Other reason for diminishing of heart function is due to weak contraction and relaxation of heart muscles or due to deposition of cholesterol on wall of blood vessel which causes narrowing of blood vessel leads to increased stoke volume then it results in heart stroke.

Treatment of rheumatic pain, heart stroke, stress conditions:

Don’t smoke; follow prevention tips for a heart-healthy lifestyle. Avoid excessive alcohol consumption, excessive salt intake and diet pills—all of which may raise blood pressure. Doctor may adopt a “watch and wait” policy for mild or asymptomatic cases. A course of antibiotics is prescribed prior to surgery or dental work for those with valvular heart disease, to prevent bacterial endocarditis. Long-term antibiotic therapy is recommended to prevent a recurrence of streptococcal infection in those who have rheumatic fever. Antithrombotic (clot-preventing) medications such as aspirin or ticlopidine may be prescribed for those with valvular heart disease who have experienced unexplained transient ischemic attacks, also known as TIAs (see this disorder for more information). More potent anticoagulants, such as warfarin, may be prescribed for those who have atrial fibrillation (a common complication of mitral valve disease) or who continue to experience TIAs despite initial treatment. Long-term administration of anticoagulants may be necessary following valve replacement surgery, because prosthetic valves are associated with a higher risk of blood clots with the help of Balloon dilatation . A large class of medications useful against both pain and inflammation, NSAIDs are staples in arthritis treatment. A number of NSAIDs, such as Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), Naproxen Sodium (Aleve), and Ketoprofen (Orudis, Oruvail) are available over the counter. More than two dozen others, including a subclass of NSAIDs called COX-2 inhibitors, are available only with a prescription. The temporary "highs" of caffeine and sugar ends with a crash in mood and energy. By reducing the amount of coffee, soft drinks, chocolate, and sugar snacks in your diet, you’ll feel more relaxed and you’ll sleep better. Avoid alcohol, cigarettes, and drugs. Self-medicating with alcohol or drugs may provide an easy escape from stress, but the relief is only temporary. Don’t avoid or mask the issue at hand; deal with problems head on and with a clear mind.

Schematic representation of rheumatic pain, heart stroke, stress conditions:

Graphical representation of disease status:

REFERENCES:

1. Koolhaas, J., et al. "Stress revisited: A critical evaluation of the stress concept." Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews 35, 1291–1301, 2011.

2. Ulrich-Lai, Y. M.; Herman, J. P. (2009). "Neural regulation of endocrine and autonomic stress responses". Nature Reviews Neuroscience 10 (6): 397–409.

3. Maras, P. M.; Baram, T. Z. (2012). "Sculpting the hippocampus from within: Stress, spines, and CRH". Trends in Neurosciences 35 (5): 315–324.

4. McEwen, B. S. (2012). "Brain on stress: How the social environment gets under the skin". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 109 (Suppl 2): 17180–17185.

5. Salvador G, Gomez A, Vinas O, et al. (August 2003). "Prevalence and clinical significance of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide and antikeratin antibodies in palindromic rheumatism. An abortive form of rheumatoid arthritis?". Rheumatology (Oxford) 42 (8): 972–5.

6. Vogel, S; Picker, P; Mihaly-Bison, J; Fakhrudin, N; Atanasov, AG; Heiss, EH; Wawrosch, C; Reznicek, G; Dirsch, VM; Saukel, J; Kopp, B(2013).

7. Graham I, Atar D, Borch-Johnsen K, et al. (October 2007). "European guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice: executive summary: Fourth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (Constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts)". Eur. Heart J. 28 (19): 2375–414.

8. Van de Werf F, Bax J, Betriu A, et al. (December 2008). "Management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with persistent ST-segment elevation: the Task Force on the Management of ST-Segment Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction of the European Society of Cardiology". Eur. Heart J. 29 (23): 2909–45.

9. World Health Organization (2008). The Global Burden of Disease: 2004 Update. Geneva: World Health Organization. ISBN 92-4-156371-0.

10. Berger JP, Buclin T, Haller E, Van Melle G, Yersin B (March 1990). "Right arm involvement and pain extension can help to differentiate coronary diseases from chest pain of other origin: a prospective emergency ward study of 278 consecutive patients admitted for chest pain". J. Intern. Med. 227 (3): 165–72.

Received on 12.04.2014 Accepted on 28.04.2014

Asian J. Res. Pharm. Sci. 4(2): April-June 2014; Page 83-85